Energie d'ionisation de M à M+
L'énergie de première ionisation (de M à M+), est l'énergie nécessaire pour supprimer le premier électron de l'atome neutre : M+ symbolisant le premier cation.
Z | Symbole | Nom | Couche | Orbitale | Configuration électronique à l'état fondamental | Exception à la règle de Klechkowski | Affinité électronique (de M à M-) | Energie d'ionisation de M à M+ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | H | Hydrogène | 1 K | 1s | 1s1 | 72.8 kJ/mol | 1312 kJ/mol | |
2 | He | Hélium | 1 K | 1s | 1s2 | - | 2372.3 kJ/mol | |
3 | Li | Lithium | 2 L | 2s | [He] 2s1 | 59.6 kJ/mol | 520.2 kJ/mol | |
4 | Be | Béryllium | 2 L | 2s | [He] 2s2 | -18 kJ/mol | 899.5 kJ/mol | |
5 | B | Bore | 2 L | 2p | [He] 2s2 2p1 | 26.7 kJ/mol | 800.6 kJ/mol | |
6 | C | Carbone | 2 L | 2p | [He] 2s2 2p2 | 121.9 kJ/mol | 1086.5 kJ/mol | |
7 | N | Azote | 2 L | 2p | [He] 2s2 2p3 | -7 kJ/mol | 1402.3 kJ/mol | |
8 | O | Oxygène | 2 L | 2p | [He] 2s2 2p4 | 141 kJ/mol | 1313.9 kJ/mol | |
9 | F | Fluor | 2 L | 2p | [He] 2s2 2p5 | 328 kJ/mol | 1681 kJ/mol | |
10 | Ne | Néon | 2 L | 2p | [He] 2s2 2p6 | -29 kJ/mol | 2080.7 kJ/mol | |
11 | Na | Sodium | 3 M | 3s | [Ne] 3s1 | 52.9 kJ/mol | 495.8 kJ/mol | |
12 | Mg | Magnésium | 3 M | 3s | [Ne] 3s2 | -21 kJ/mol | 737.7 kJ/mol | |
13 | Al | Aluminium | 3 M | 3p | [Ne] 3s2 3p1 | 44 kJ/mol | 577.5 kJ/mol | |
14 | Si | Silicium | 3 M | 3p | [Ne] 3s2 3p2 | 133.6 kJ/mol | 786.5 kJ/mol | |
15 | P | Phosphore | 3 M | 3p | [Ne] 3s2 3p3 | 72 kJ/mol | 1011.8 kJ/mol | |
16 | S | Soufre | 3 M | 3p | [Ne] 3s2 3p4 | 200.4 kJ/mol | 999.6 kJ/mol | |
17 | Cl | Chlore | 3 M | 3p | [Ne] 3s2 3p5 | 349 kJ/mol | 1251.2 kJ/mol | |
18 | Ar | Argon | 3 M | 3p | [Ne] 3s2 3p6 | -35 kJ/mol | 1520.6 kJ/mol | |
19 | K | Potassium | 4 N | 4s | [Ar] 4s1 | 48.4 kJ/mol | 418.8 kJ/mol | |
20 | Ca | Calcium | 4 N | 4s | [Ar] 4s2 | -186 kJ/mol | 589.8 kJ/mol | |
21 | Sc | Scandium | 3 M | 3d | [Ar] 3d1 4s2 | 18.1 kJ/mol | 633.1 kJ/mol | |
22 | Ti | Titane | 3 M | 3d | [Ar] 3d2 4s2 | 7.6 kJ/mol | 658.8 kJ/mol | |
23 | V | Vanadium | 3 M | 3d | [Ar] 3d3 4s2 | 50.7 kJ/mol | 650.9 kJ/mol | |
24 | Cr | Chrome | 3 M | 3d | [Ar] 3d5 4s1 | 4s ⇒ 1 e- ⇒ 3d | 64.3 kJ/mol | 652.9 kJ/mol |
25 | Mn | Manganèse | 3 M | 3d | [Ar] 3d5 4s2 | - | 717.3 kJ/mol | |
26 | Fe | Fer | 3 M | 3d | [Ar] 3d6 4s2 | 15.7 kJ/mol | 762.5 kJ/mol | |
27 | Co | Cobalt | 3 M | 3d | [Ar] 3d7 4s2 | 63.8 kJ/mol | 760.4 kJ/mol | |
28 | Ni | Nickel | 3 M | 3d | [Ar] 3d8 4s2 | 156 kJ/mol | 737.1 kJ/mol | |
29 | Cu | Cuivre | 3 M | 3d | [Ar] 3d10 4s1 | 4s ⇒ 1 e- ⇒ 3d | 118.5 kJ/mol | 745.5 kJ/mol |
30 | Zn | Zinc | 3 M | 3d | [Ar] 3d10 4s2 | 9 kJ/mol | 906.4 kJ/mol | |
31 | Ga | Gallium | 4 N | 4p | [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1 | 30 kJ/mol | 578.8 kJ/mol | |
32 | Ge | Germanium | 4 N | 4p | [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p2 | 116 kJ/mol | 762 kJ/mol | |
33 | As | Arsenic | 4 N | 4p | [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p3 | 78 kJ/mol | 947 kJ/mol | |
34 | Se | Sélénium | 4 N | 4p | [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4 | 195 kJ/mol | 941 kJ/mol | |
35 | Br | Brome | 4 N | 4p | [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5 | 324.7 kJ/mol | 1139.9 kJ/mol | |
36 | Kr | Krypton | 4 N | 4p | [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p6 | -39 kJ/mol | 1350.8 kJ/mol | |
37 | Rb | Rubidium | 5 O | 5s | [Kr] 5s1 | 46.9 kJ/mol | 403 kJ/mol | |
38 | Sr | Strontium | 5 O | 5s | [Kr] 5s2 | -146 kJ/mol | 549.5 kJ/mol | |
39 | Y | Yttrium | 4 N | 4d | [Kr] 4d1 5s2 | 29.6 kJ/mol | 600 kJ/mol | |
40 | Zr | Zirconium | 4 N | 4d | [Kr] 4d2 5s2 | 41.1 kJ/mol | 640.1 kJ/mol | |
41 | Nb | Niobium | 4 N | 4d | [Kr] 4d4 5s1 | 5s ⇒ 1 e- ⇒ 4d | 86.2 kJ/mol | 652.1 kJ/mol |
42 | Mo | Molybdène | 4 N | 4d | [Kr] 4d5 5s1 | 5s ⇒ 1 e- ⇒ 4d | 72 kJ/mol | 684.3 kJ/mol |
43 | Tc | Technétium | 4 N | 4d | [Kr] 4d5 5s2 | 96 kJ/mol | 702 kJ/mol | |
44 | Ru | Ruthénium | 4 N | 4d | [Kr] 4d7 5s1 | 5s ⇒ 1 e- ⇒ 4d | 101 kJ/mol | 710.2 kJ/mol |
45 | Rh | Rhodium | 4 N | 4d | [Kr] 4d8 5s1 | 5s ⇒ 1 e- ⇒ 4d | 106.7 kJ/mol | 719.7 kJ/mol |
46 | Pd | Palladium | 4 N | 4d | [Kr] 4d10 | 5s ⇒ 2 e- ⇒ 4d | 53.7 kJ/mol | 804.4 kJ/mol |
47 | Ag | Argent | 4 N | 4d | [Kr] 4d10 5s1 | 5s ⇒ 1 e- ⇒ 4d | 125.7 kJ/mol | 731 kJ/mol |
48 | Cd | Cadmium | 4 N | 4d | [Kr] 4d10 5s2 | -26 kJ/mol | 867.8 kJ/mol | |
49 | In | Indium | 5 O | 5p | [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1 | 30 kJ/mol | 558.3 kJ/mol | |
50 | Sn | Etain | 5 O | 5p | [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2 | 116 kJ/mol | 708.6 kJ/mol | |
51 | Sb | Antimoine | 5 O | 5p | [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p3 | 101 kJ/mol | 834 kJ/mol | |
52 | Te | Tellure | 5 O | 5p | [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p4 | 160.2 kJ/mol | 869.3 kJ/mol | |
53 | I | Iode | 5 O | 5p | [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5 | 259.2 kJ/mol | 1008.4 kJ/mol | |
54 | Xe | Xénon | 5 O | 5p | [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p6 | -41 kJ/mol | 1170.4 kJ/mol | |
55 | Cs | Césium | 6 P | 6s | [Xe] 6s1 | 45.5 kJ/mol | 375.7 kJ/mol | |
56 | Ba | Baryum | 6 P | 6s | [Xe] 6s2 | -46 kJ/mol | 502.9 kJ/mol | |
57 | La | Lanthane | 4 N | 4f | [Xe] 5d1 6s2 | 4f ⇒ 1 e- ⇒ 5d | 50 kJ/mol | 538.1 kJ/mol |
58 | Ce | Cérium | 4 N | 4f | [Xe] 4f2 6s2 | 4f ⇒ 1 e- ⇒ 5d | 50 kJ/mol | 534.4 kJ/mol |
59 | Pr | Praséodyme | 4 N | 4f | [Xe] 4f3 6s2 | 50 kJ/mol | 527 kJ/mol | |
60 | Nd | Néodyme | 4 N | 4f | [Xe] 4f4 6s2 | 50 kJ/mol | 533.1 kJ/mol | |
61 | Pm | Prométhium | 4 N | 4f | [Xe] 4f5 6s2 | 50 kJ/mol | 540 kJ/mol | |
62 | Sm | Samarium | 4 N | 4f | [Xe] 4f6 6s2 | 50 kJ/mol | 544.5 kJ/mol | |
63 | Eu | Europium | 4 N | 4f | [Xe] 4f7 6s2 | 50 kJ/mol | 547.1 kJ/mol | |
64 | Gd | Gadolinum | 4 N | 4f | [Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2 | 4f ⇒ 1 e- ⇒ 5d | 50 kJ/mol | 593.4 kJ/mol |
65 | Tb | Terbium | 4 N | 4f | [Xe] 4f9 6s2 | 50 kJ/mol | 565.8 kJ/mol | |
66 | Dy | Dysprosium | 4 N | 4f | [Xe] 4f10 6s2 | - | 573 kJ/mol | |
67 | Ho | Holmium | 4 N | 4f | [Xe] 4f11 6s2 | 50 kJ/mol | 581 kJ/mol | |
68 | Er | Erbium | 4 N | 4f | [Xe] 4f12 6s2 | 50 kJ/mol | 589.3 kJ/mol | |
69 | Tm | Thulium | 4 N | 4f | [Xe] 4f13 6s2 | 50 kJ/mol | 596.7 kJ/mol | |
70 | Yb | Ytterbium | 4 N | 4f | [Xe] 4f14 6s2 | 50 kJ/mol | 603.4 kJ/mol | |
71 | Lu | Lutécium | 5 O | 5d | [Xe] 4f14 5d1 6s2 | 50 kJ/mol | 523.5 kJ/mol | |
72 | Hf | Hafnium | 5 O | 5d | [Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2 | - | 658.5 kJ/mol | |
73 | Ta | Tantale | 5 O | 5d | [Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2 | 14 kJ/mol | 761 kJ/mol | |
74 | W | Tungstène | 5 O | 5d | [Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2 | 78.6 kJ/mol | 770 kJ/mol | |
75 | Re | Rhénium | 5 O | 5d | [Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2 | 14 kJ/mol | 760 kJ/mol | |
76 | Os | Osmium | 5 O | 5d | [Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2 | 106 kJ/mol | 840 kJ/mol | |
77 | Ir | Iridium | 5 O | 5d | [Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2 | 151 kJ/mol | 880 kJ/mol | |
78 | Pt | Platine | 5 O | 5d | [Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1 | 6s ⇒ 1 e- ⇒ 5d | 205.3 kJ/mol | 870 kJ/mol |
79 | Au | Or | 5 O | 5d | [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1 | 6s ⇒ 1 e- ⇒ 5d | 222.8 kJ/mol | 890.1 kJ/mol |
80 | Hg | Mercure | 5 O | 5d | [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 | -18 kJ/mol | 1007.1 kJ/mol | |
81 | Tl | Thallium | 6 P | 6p | [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1 | 20 kJ/mol | 589.4 kJ/mol | |
82 | Pb | Plomb | 6 P | 6p | [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2 | 35.1 kJ/mol | 715.6 kJ/mol | |
83 | Bi | Bismuth | 6 P | 6p | [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3 | 91.3 kJ/mol | 703 kJ/mol | |
84 | Po | Polonium | 6 P | 6p | [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4 | 183 kJ/mol | 812.1 kJ/mol | |
85 | At | Astate | 6 P | 6p | [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p5 | 270 kJ/mol | 887.7 kJ/mol | |
86 | Rn | Radon | 6 P | 6p | [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 | -41 kJ/mol | 1037 kJ/mol | |
87 | Fr | Francium | 7 Q | 7s | [Rn] 7s1 | 44 kJ/mol | 380 kJ/mol | |
88 | Ra | Radium | 7 Q | 7s | [Rn] 7s2 | - | 509.3 kJ/mol | |
89 | Ac | Actinium | 5 O | 5f | [Rn] 6d1 7s2 | 5f ⇒ 1 e- ⇒ 6d | - | 499 kJ/mol |
90 | Th | Thorium | 5 O | 5f | [Rn] 6d2 7s2 | 5f ⇒ 2 e- ⇒ 6d | - | 587 kJ/mol |
91 | Pa | Protactinium | 5 O | 5f | [Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2 | 5f ⇒ 1 e- ⇒ 6d | - | 568 kJ/mol |
92 | U | Uranium | 5 O | 5f | [Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2 | 5f ⇒ 1 e- ⇒ 6d | - | 597.6 kJ/mol |
93 | Np | Neptunium | 5 O | 5f | [Rn] 5f4 6d1 7s2 | 5f ⇒ 1 e- ⇒ 6d | - | 604.5 kJ/mol |
94 | Pu | Plutonium | 5 O | 5f | [Rn] 5f6 7s2 | - | 584.7 kJ/mol | |
95 | Am | Américium | 5 O | 5f | [Rn] 5f7 7s2 | - | 578 kJ/mol | |
96 | Cm | Curium | 5 O | 5f | [Rn] 5f7 6d1 7s2 | 5f ⇒ 1 e- ⇒ 6d | - | 581 kJ/mol |
97 | Bk | Berkélium | 5 O | 5f | [Rn] 5f9 7s2 | - | 601 kJ/mol | |
98 | Cf | Californium | 5 O | 5f | [Rn] 5s10 7s2 | - | 608 kJ/mol | |
99 | Es | Einsteinium | 5 O | 5f | [Rn] 4f11 7s2 | - | 619 kJ/mol | |
100 | Fm | Fermium | 5 O | 5f | [Rn] 5f12 7s2 | - | 627 kJ/mol | |
101 | Md | Mendélévium | 5 O | 5f | [Rn] 5f13 7s2 | - | 635 kJ/mol | |
102 | No | Nobélium | 5 O | 5f | [Rn] 5f14 7s2 | - | 642 kJ/mol | |
103 | Lr | Lawrencium | 6 P | 6d | [Rn] 5f14 6d1 7s2 | - | 470 kJ/mol |